Inflorescences simple, with occasional branch from near base of flower; secondary branches usually absent. Flowering and fruiting early spring. Open woods, meadows, and hillsides; 0--500 m; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que.; Ark., Conn., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

A northern plant known in Indiana from only two collections: base of a low wooded slope near pond in woods on the Douglas farm 2 1/2 miles southeast of Hamilton, De Kalb County, Deam no. 44268, May 25, 1927, and about 4 miles north of Notre Dame, St. Joseph County, J. A. Nieuwland no. 9115, in 1909.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 10

Wetland Indicator Status: FACU